The working principle of hydraulic pump is based on the change of sealed volume. When the sealed volume of the pump increases, due to the formation of local vacuum, the oil in the oil tank enters the pump under the action of atmospheric pressure; when the sealed volume decreases, the oil is squeezed out, thus realizing the process of oil suction and discharge. Gear Pumps, Vane Pumps and plunger pumps are common types of Hydraulic Pumps, each of which has a unique working principle.
Gear Pumps work by rotating a pair of meshing gears in the housing. As the gears rotate, the sealed volume changes between meshing and disengagement, thereby realizing oil suction and discharge. Gear pumps have a simple structure, small size, and low cost, so they are often used in occasions where pressure and flow requirements are not high.
Vane pumps are composed of components such as rotors, stators, vanes and distribution plates. During the rotation of the rotor, the working volume formed by the vanes and the inner surface of the stator will change, thereby realizing oil suction and discharge. Vane pumps have the advantages of uniform flow, smooth operation and low noise, and are very suitable for equipment with high requirements for the working environment.
The plunger pump relies on the reciprocating motion of the plunger in the cylinder to change the sealed volume. When the plunger extends, the sealed volume increases to absorb oil; when the plunger retracts, the sealed volume decreases to discharge oil. The plunger pump has stable working performance under high pressure, less leakage and high volumetric efficiency, so it is often used in high-power hydraulic systems. However, it should be noted that its structure is relatively complex and the price is relatively high.
The application scenarios of hydraulic pumps are wide-ranging, covering many fields of modern industry. In engineering machinery, hydraulic pumps are the core components of equipment such as excavators and loaders, providing them with powerful power support to make operations more efficient and flexible. At the same time, in the field of aerospace, hydraulic pumps also play a vital role, providing precise hydraulic control for the aircraft control system to ensure flight safety. In addition, hydraulic pumps are also widely used in the metallurgical and mining fields to control the movement of equipment such as rolling mills and steelmaking furnaces, and improve the efficiency and safety of mining.
This article also provides corresponding solutions to the problems that may arise during the use of hydraulic pumps, such as failure to absorb oil or no pressure, insufficient flow, failure to increase pressure, and excessive noise. At the same time, the causes and solutions of problems such as excessive heating, excessive vibration and external leakage of hydraulic pumps are also introduced to help users better maintain and use hydraulic pumps.
Internal leakage may be caused by many reasons, including seal aging or damage, oil pump internal leakage and seal ring wear. For these problems, we can take corresponding solutions, such as replacing seals, wearing gear oil pumps or oil pump sleeves, and ensuring that the internal parts of the oil pump are assembled correctly. Through these methods, we can effectively solve the problem of internal leakage of hydraulic pumps and ensure their normal operation and efficient operation of the equipment.